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Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; List of Figures; List of Abbreviations; Acknowledgments; Introduction; The Sciences of the Past; Race, Progress and Nationality; 1. Unveiling the Ancestry of Peoples: Tradition, Language and Ethnology, 1800-1860; The Old Authorities; New Traditions of Nature, Humanity and Society; Reconstructive Philology; The Celtic and Germanic Languages; The Varied Bases of Ethnology; The Rise of the Indo-Europeans; A New Gateway to the Unwritten Past; 2. Unearthing Our Forefathers: The Growth of Provincial Archaeology, 1830-1860

The Antiquarian Tradition'Let us go into the Graves:' Archaeological Authority; Collecting with a Definite Purpose; The Eras of the Ancient Past; Models of Culture and Development; 3. The Limits of History: Defining Nations, Races and Peoples, 1820-1850; Gaulish Histories in Post-Revolutionary France; The Developments and Migrations of the Germanen; British Tensions between Ethnic Models; Disentangling Popular Communities; 4. Building the Science of Man: National Anthropology and the Ancient Past, 1850-1870; Building Metropolitan Associations: The Anthropological Societies

Anthropological MethodsThe Gaulish Races of France; Reconciling the Celt and the Saxon; Surveying the German Types; The Mixed Nation; 5. Locating the Peoples of Prehistory: Geology, Archaeology and Anthropology, 1840-1870; Consolidating the Field; Defining and Dividing Prehistoric Time; The Oldest Human Condition: Interpreting the Stone Age; The Path to Civilization: The Development of Metal; Internationalism and Universalism in Prehistory; 6. The Fracturing of Common Origins: The Nationalization of the Anthropological Past, 1871-1900; National Integration and Institutionalization

Anthropology and National QuestionsThe Aryans: The Clash of Prehistory and Philology; Questions of Celts and Neolithics in France; The Iberian Ancestry of British Civilization; The Branches of the German Nation; The Common European Races and National Definition; 7. Tension and Diffusion: The Racial and Cultural Sciences, 1890-1914; Anthropometry Undermined; The Rise of Racial Essentialism; The Problematic Science of Folklore; Cultural Migrations and Racial Areas in Archaeology; Fragmentation and Refraction; Conclusion; Notes; Bibliography; Index

Across the nineteenth century, scholars in Britain, France and the German lands sought to understand their earliest ancestors: the Germanic and Celtic tribes known from classical antiquity, and the newly discovered peoples of prehistory. New fields - philology, archeology and anthropology - interacted, breaking down languages, unearthing artifacts, measuring skulls and recording the customs of ""savage"" analogues. This was a decidedly national process: disciplines institutionalized on national levels, and their findings seen to have deep implications for the origins of the nation and its "

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